An interesting database has been published in 2018 ( Uihlein, 2018). There are many examples of already existing geothermal power plants. There is also another lack of clarity: global marine current turbines belong to the hydrokinetic devices class and in the literature are often mixed with turbines harvesting kinetic energy from tidal flows.Ĭlassification and development directions are much more settled in case of the geothermal power. It remains unclear if international waters will ever be exploited in this way and what will be the origin of the investors. One of these countries is Japan, where early-stage technologies needed for tapping this enormous energy source are being developed in laboratories (e.g., ( Yoshida et al., 2020)) and demonstrational scale ( IHI Corporation, 2019) – the 100 kW floating system called “Kairyu” has been installed several kilometers off the coast of the Kuchinoshima Island. Global marine currents happen in the open ocean and there are only a few countries that may access this hydrokinetic energy in their own territorial or exclusive economic zones. With marine current power, the situation may be the opposite. Hence, waving is inseparably related to the seashore or at least continental shelf, there are some countries clearly interested in the development of wave power plants and many that may be potentially interested in implementing mature technology. The number of launched R&D projects indicate significant potential in various countries, seen not only by scientists in their integer calculations but also by investors in a potentially attractive levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) generated from this source. The overtopping solution, which is a kind of a trap in which waves are forced to pour into a leveled tank are known from Wave Dragon or SSG projects. Solutions like oscillating (moving up and down or rolling) bodies (submerged or floating buoys) are known from Aquabuoy, Palamis, or WaveRoller projects. Another example is The Pico project of 400 kW capacity with fully operational deployment to be seen. The land-installed, fixed plant of 500 kW capacity has been deployed in Islay island at Scotland's shore. The literature ( Rusu and Onea, 2018) provides some examples of various implemented concepts. Wave power, not less promising, is also tested worldwide, yet rapid development of this sector is to be seen, supposedly once the offshore wind turbines are installed in the most prospective areas. Namely, “La Rance” tidal power plant in France ( Andre, 1978), Lake Sihwa in South Korea ( Ho Bae et al., 2010), and Strangford Lough ( Savidge et al., 2014) are just examples of attempts to harvest tidal energy worldwide. On the contrary, tidal power is already harvested in some sites. Lighting or rain drops energy may be examples of the sources that are not exploited in industrial facilities so far, yet we may look for some implementation in the future.
It is clear that there are various concepts of gaining power from various renewable sources. Complementarity between rare renewable energiesīartłomiej Ciapała, in Complementarity of Variable Renewable Energy Sources, 2022 23.3 Tapping untapped, using discarded
0 kommentar(er)
